A vision of the “city of the future” is often presented as a compelling symbol of the direction in which society could progress. Whilst visions differ, the common element is the notion that in the future, Earth’s most concentrated populations will occupy city environments where a digital blanket of sensors, devices, and cloud-connected data are brought together to enhance the living experience for all. Smart concepts encompass a range of key elements of what enable effective city ecosystems—from traffic control and environmental protection, to management of energy, sanitation, healthcare, security, and buildings.
